-
1 Laird, John
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 1805 (?) Greenock, Scotlandd. 26 October 1874 Birkenhead, England[br]Scottish pioneer of large-scale iron shipbuilding.[br]When only 5 years old, Laird travelled with his family to Merseyside, where his father William Laird was setting up a ship-repair yard. Fourteen years later his father established the Birkenhead Ironworks for ship and engine repairs, which in later years was to achieve great things with John Laird at the helm. John Laird trained as a solicitor, but instead of going into practice he joined the family business. Between 1829 and 1832 they built three iron barges for inland use in Ireland; this form of construction had become less of a novelty and followed the example set by Thomas Wilson in 1819, but Laird was fired with enthusiasm for this mode of construction. New iron ships followed in rapid succession, with two of especial note: the paddle steamer Lady Lansdown of 1833, which was dismantled and later re-erected on the river Shannon, becoming one of Britain's first "knock-down" contracts; and the early steamer Robert F.Stockton, which had a double Ericsson screw propeller and the first iron transverse watertight bulkheads. With the good name of the shipyard secure, they received orders from MacGregor Laird (John Laird's younger brother) for iron ships for the West African trade. This African connection was to grow and the yard's products were to include the Ma Roberts for Dr David Livingstone. Being of steel and with constant groundings on African rivers, this craft only lasted 18 months in steady operation. In 1858 a new yard dedicated to iron construction was opened at Monk's Ferry. In 1861 John Laird was returned as the first Member of Parliament for Birkenhead and his sons took over the day-to-day affairs of the business. Laird was to suffer acute embarrassment by questions at Westminster over the building in the Birkenhead Works of the United States Confederate raider Alabama in 1862. In 1874 he suffered serious injuries in a riding accident; his health declined and he died later that year.[br]Bibliography1858, with Fairbairn, Forrester, Lang and Sea-ward, Steam Navigation, Vessels of Iron and Wood, the Steam Engine, etc. 2 vols, London: Weale.FMW
См. также в других словарях:
Confederate States Army — Seal of the Confederate States of America Active 1861–1865 … Wikipedia
Confederate Gulch and Diamond City — Confederate Gulch is a steeply incised valley on the west facing slopes of the Big Belt Mountains. Its small stream drains westward into Canyon Ferry Lake, on the upper Missouri River Valley near present day Townsend, Montana. In 1864 Confederate … Wikipedia
Confederate Monument in Cynthiana — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Confederate States of America — This article is about the historical state. For the 2004 mockumentary, see C.S.A.: The Confederate States of America. Confederate States of America Unrecognized state[1][2] … Wikipedia
Confederate privateer — The Confederate privateers were privately owned ships that were authorized by the government of the Confederate States of America to attack the shipping of the United States. Although the appeal was to profit by capturing merchant vessels and… … Wikipedia
Confederate Ireland — Irish Catholic Confederation (Confederation of Kilkenny) Cónaidhm Chaitliceach na hÉireann (Cónaidhm Chill Chainnigh) ← … Wikipedia
Confederate war finance — Front of Confederate notes (back was unprinted) Confederate war finance refers to the various means, fiscal and monetary, through which the Confederate States of America financed their war effort during the American Civil War. As the war lasted… … Wikipedia
Confederate Army of Manhattan — The Confederate Army of Manhattan was a group of eight Southern operatives who attempted to burn New York City on November 25, 1864, during the final stages of the American Civil War. In a plot orchestrated by Jacob Thompson, the operatives… … Wikipedia
Confederate States of America dollar — Front of Confederate notes (back unprinted) … Wikipedia
Confederate Heartland Offensive — Confederate General Braxton Bragg and Union General Don Carlos Buell, the principal commanders of the campaign … Wikipedia
Confederate Secret Service — is an umbrella term for a number of official and semi official secret service operations conducted by the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. Contents 1 Overview 2 Military operations and officially sanctioned Secret… … Wikipedia
